Search results for "Odor perception"
showing 7 items of 7 documents
Perceptual blending in odor mixtures depends on the nature of odorants and human olfactory expertise.
2012
International audience; Our olfactory system is confronted with complex mixtures of odorants, often recognized as single entities due to odor blending (e.g., coffee). In contrast, we are also able to discriminate odors from complex mixtures (e.g., off-odors). Therefore, the olfactory system is able to engage either configural or elemental processes when confronted with mixtures. However, the rules that govern the involvement of these processes during odor perception remain poorly understood. In our first experiment, we examined whether simple odorant mixtures (binary/ternary) could elicit configural perception. Twenty untrained subjects were asked to evaluate the odor typicality of mixtures…
Le déclin de la perception sensorielle des personnes âgées cache une grande variabilité : est-il lié aux préférences alimentaires et au statut nutrit…
2012
Le déclin de la perception sensorielle des personnes âgées cache une grande variabilité : est-il lié aux préférences alimentaires et au statut nutritionnel ?. Le Sensolier, 10. journée : Des différences de perception entre individus
Culture and odor categorization : agreement between cultures depends upon the odors
2003
This study evaluated the effect of culture on the relationship between psychological dimensions underlying odor perception and odor categorization. In a first experiment, French, Vietnamese and American participants rated several perceptual dimensions of everyday odorants, and sorted these odorants on the basis of their similarity. Results showed that the three groups of participants differed in their perceptual judgments but agreed in categorizing the odors into four consensual groups (floral, sweet, bad, and nature). Three dimensions––pleasantness, edibility, cosmetic acceptability––discriminated these groups in the same way in the three countries. In a second experiment, the participants…
Comparative training procedures to learn odor descriptors: effects on profiling performance
1999
Three groups of ten naive assessors were recruited to perform an odor profiling of 10 orange juices using 8 odor descriptors, These panels differed on the way they learned each descriptor. Group 1R learned to match one descriptor with one external standard; group 3R learned to associate one descriptor with 3 external standards; group 0R defined by itself the 8 descriptors from a set of orange juices. Results showed that the use of one standard per descriptor seemed to be only efficient when the standard was typical of the odor perception in the orange juices. Learning one odor concept with 3 standards led to redundant use of discriminant descriptors and failed on the agreement among assesso…
Early-blind individuals show impaired performance in wine odor categorization
2018
International audience; Blind individuals display superior sensory abilities in other modalities, yet results remain contradictory regarding their performance on olfactory tasks. Using complex ecological olfactory tasks, we evaluated the impact of blindness on olfactory performance. We tested 12 early-blind individuals (M = 49, SD = 13.09) and 12 sighted controls (M = 49, SD = 14.31) who were all blindfolded. Based solely on the wine odors, participants evaluated 24 pairs of wine and determined if both samples belonged to the same category (red wine, white wine, or rosé wine) or not (odor categorization), and if so, whether they were identical or not (odor differentiation). Then, they had t…
A la découverte des odeurs
2019
Often taken for granted, the sense of smell has seldom been discussed or understood. However, since the start of the 20th Century, studies in this area have grown exponentially and today there is a greater understanding of the olfactory system – at both structural and functional levels. Scientists now concern themselves with questions about the holistic nature of our sense of smell and are investigating the role of odors in interpersonal relations, in food intake processes, in the diagnosis of certain illnesses, and many other areas. The beginnings of this knowledge are as fascinating as they are abundant and numerous disciplines are involved: psychology, physiology, genetics, neuroscience,…
Impact of ageing on chemosensory capacities: Evidence for the existence of different patterns of alteration
2012
This study is part of AUPALESENS - Improving pleasure of elderly people for better aging and for fighting against malnutrition; Impact of ageing on chemosensory capacities: Evidence for the existence of different patterns of alteration. 16. international symposium on Olfaction and taste (ISOT)